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在jsp中作HTTP认证的方法
作者:佚名 来源:InterNet 加入时间:2005-3-25
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  • 最近研究了jsp中作HTTP认证的问题,它的工作方式如下:

    1、server发送一个要求认证代码401和一个头信息WWW-authenticate,激发browser弹出一个认证窗口

    2、server取得browser送来的认证头"Authorization",它是加密的了,要用Base64方法解密,取得明文的用户名和密码

    3、检查用户名和密码,根据结果传送不同的页面


    以下是jsp的片断,你也可以把它做成include文件。和Base64的加解密的class源码。
    <jsp:useBean id="base64"scope="page"class="Base64"/>
    <%
    if(request.getHeader("Authorization")==null){
       response.setStatus(401);
       response.setHeader("WWW-authenticate","Basic realm=\"unixboy.com\"");
    }else{
       String encoded=(request.getHeader("Authorization"));
       String tmp=encoded.substring(6);
       String up=Base64.decode(tmp);
       String user="";
       String password="";
       if(up!=null){
            user=up.substring(0,up.indexOf(":"));
        password=up.substring(up.indexOf(":")+1);
       }
       if(user.equals("unixboy")&&password.equals("123456")){
            //认证成功
       }else{
            //认证失败
       }
    }
    %>


    //消息加解密class
    public class Base64
    {
            /** decode a Base 64 encoded String.
              *<p><h4>String to byte conversion</h4>
              * This method uses a naive String to byte interpretation, it simply gets each
              * char of the String and calls it a byte.</p>
              *<p>Since we should be dealing with Base64 encoded Strings that is a reasonable
              * assumption.</p>
              *<p><h4>End of data</h4>
              * We don''t try to stop the converion when we find the"="end of data padding char.
              * We simply add zero bytes to the unencode buffer.</p>
            */
            public static String decode(String encoded)
            {
                    StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
                    int maxturns;
                    //work out how long to loop for.
                    if(encoded.length()%3==0)
                    maxturns=encoded.length();
                    else
                    maxturns=encoded.length()+(3-(encoded.length()%3));
                    //tells us whether to include the char in the unencode
                    boolean skip;
                    //the unencode buffer
                    byte[] unenc=new byte[4];
                    byte b;
                    for(int i=0,j=0;i<maxturns;i++)
                    {
                            skip=false;
                            //get the byte to convert or 0
                            if(i<encoded.length())
                            b=(byte)encoded.charAt(i);
                            else
                            b=0;
                            //test and convert first capital letters, lowercase, digits then ''+'' and ''/''
                            if(b>=65&&b<91)
                            unenc[j]=(byte)(b-65);
                            else if(b>=97&&b<123)
                            unenc[j]=(byte)(b-71);
                            else if(b>=48&&b<58)
                            unenc[j]=(byte)(b+4);
                            else if(b==''+'')
                            unenc[j]=62;
                            else if(b==''/'')
                            unenc[j]=63;
                            //if we find"="then data has finished, we''re not really dealing with this now
                            else if(b==''='')
                            unenc[j]=0;
                            else
                            {
                                    char c=(char)b;
                                    if(c==''\n'' || c==''\r'' || c=='' '' || c==''\t'')
                                    skip=true;
                                    else
                                    //could throw an exception here? it''s input we don''t understand.
                                    ;
                            }
                            //once the array has boiled convert the bytes back into chars
                            if(!skip&&++j==4)
                            {
                                    //shift the 6 bit bytes into a single 4 octet word
                                    int res=(unenc[0]<<18)+(unenc[1]<<12)+(unenc[2]<<6)+unenc[3];
                                    byte c;
                                    int k=16;
                                    //shift each octet down to read it as char and add to StringBuffer
                                    while(k>=0)
                                    {
                                            c=(byte)(res>>k);
                                            if ( c>0 )
                                            sb.append((char)c);
                                            k-=8;
                                    }
                                    //reset j and the unencode buffer
                                    j=0;
                                    unenc[0]=0;unenc[1]=0;unenc[2]=0;unenc[3]=0;
                            }
                    }
                    return sb.toString();
            }
            
            /** encode plaintext data to a base 64 string
              * @param plain the text to convert. If plain is longer than 76 characters this method
              *             returns null (see RFC2045).
              * @return the encoded text (or null if string was longer than 76 chars).
            */
            public static String encode(String plain)
            {
                    if(plain.length()>76)
                    return null;
                    int maxturns;
                    StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
                    //the encode buffer
                    byte[] enc=new byte[3];
                    boolean end=false;
                    for(int i=0,j=0;!end;i++)
                    {
                            char _ch=plain.charAt(i);
                            if(i==plain.length()-1)
                            end=true;
                            enc[j++]=(byte)plain.charAt(i);
                            if(j==3 || end)
                            {
                                    int res;
                                    //this is a bit inefficient at the end point
                                    //worth it for the small decrease in code size?
                                    res=(enc[0]<<16)+(enc[1]<<8)+enc[2];
                                    int b;
                                    int lowestbit=18-(j*6);
                                    for(int toshift=18;toshift>=lowestbit;toshift-=6)
                                    {
                                            b=res>>>toshift;
                                            b&=63;
                                            if(b>=0&&b<26)
                                            sb.append((char)(b+65));
                                            if(b>=26&&b<52)
                                            sb.append((char)(b+71));
                                            if(b>=52&&b<62)
                                            sb.append((char)(b-4));
                                            if(b==62)
                                            sb.append(''+'');
                                            if(b==63)
                                            sb.append(''/'');
                                            if(sb.length()%76==0)
                                            sb.append(''\n'');
                                    }
                                    //now set the end chars to be pad character if there
                                    //was less than integral input (ie: less than 24 bits)
                                    if(end)
                                    {
                                            if(j==1)
                                            sb.append("==");
                                            if(j==2)
                                            sb.append(''='');
                                    }
                                    enc[0]=0;enc[1]=0;enc[2]=0;
                                    j=0;
                            }
                    }
                    return sb.toString();
            }
    }


    [文章录入员:nancy]

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